The EU: A Prescription for More Stagnation (or Worse)

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In July 2007, José Manuel Barroso, the president of the European Commission (Brussels’ top bureaucrat) said rather a lot of the quiet part aloud. The European Union, he boasted, was an empire, an empire of new kind, a “non-imperial empire,” but an empire all the same. For some that had always been the idea. Europe’s former great powers could never, individually, restore the global preeminence they had enjoyed before the world wars. Maybe they could come close to doing so collectively. A united Europe could become a rival “pole” to the U.S., not an enemy, not militarily, but economically and as an exemplar to the rest of the world of a better way forward….

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Mr. CHIPS’s Pack Mule

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Those who believe in free markets — or who are familiar with the history of developed economies after they became developed (or, maybe, completed postwar reconstruction) — ought to have little time for industrial policy. Free markets are bottom-up, flexible, and work with their own imperfections. They function through a continuous process of communication that recognizes that the valuable message sent by a price yesterday may be worthless today. Much of their operation is by trial and error. To be sure, there are disasters — plenty of them — but they often point to a better use of capital elsewhere or next time. The prosperity free markets have brought, and the human flourishing they have enabled, is unmatched.

By contrast — and despite some successes — industrial policy has a generally inglorious track record…

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